What is an LLM?

As a trainer, you need to clearly explain what an LLM is at its core—and just as importantly, what it is not!

The Core Concept

A Large Language Model (LLM) is, at its core, just a next-word prediction machine. That's it!

Think of it like an extremely sophisticated autocomplete:

  1. You type some text
  2. It predicts what word is likely to come next
  3. It adds that word to your text
  4. Repeat

What an LLM Is NOT

An LLM is not:

  • Conscious or self-aware
  • Actually "thinking" or "reasoning"
  • Understanding meaning like humans do
  • Storing facts like a database

It's just really good at pattern matching and predicting what text typically follows other text.

Key Points to Emphasize

1. It's All About Probability

  • For any input text, the LLM calculates probabilities for every possible next word
  • It then (usually) picks the most likely one
  • Sometimes it adds randomness to be more creative.
  • This randomness is controlled by a parameter called "temperature." A higher temperature makes the model's predictions more random and creative, while a lower temperature makes them more focused and deterministic.

2. Context Matters

  • LLMs look at the recent text (the "context window") to make predictions
  • They don't remember conversations beyond their context window
  • Each prediction only considers what's in this window

3. Training Data is Key

  • LLMs learn patterns from their training data
  • They can only predict patterns they've seen before
  • They don't learn from conversations after training

4. Hallucinations are wrong predictions

  • LLMs sometimes make up information that isn't in their training data
  • This is called a "hallucination"
  • Hallucinations are basically when the LLM get its predictions wrong!

Why This Matters

Understanding LLMs as next-word predictors helps:

  • Set realistic expectations
  • Write better prompts
  • Understand limitations
  • Avoid anthropomorphizing

Remember: Despite their impressive outputs, LLMs are fundamentally pattern matching machines, not thinking beings.